A new γ-alkylated-γ-butyrolactone from the roots of Solanum melongena

A new -alkylated--butyrolactone, named melongenolide A (1), along with nine known compounds were obtained from the roots of Solanum melongena, and their structures were identified as melongenolide A (1), (+)-syringaresinol (2), (+)-lyoniresinol (3), 5,5'-dimethoxy lariciresinol (4), (+)-(7R,8R)-4-hydroxy-3,3',5'-trimethoxy-8',9'-dinor-8,4'-oxyneoligna-7, 9-diol-7'-aldehyde (5), kaempferol-3-O-(2,6-di-O-p-trans-coumaroyl)--glucoside (6), arjunolic acid (7), vanillic acid (8), scoparone (9), and -sitosterol (10). Compounds 2, 6, and 7 showed potent inhibitory effects on nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages, with IC50 values being 5.620.86, 11.470.98, and 27.751.26 molL-1, respectively.