Talaketides A−G, linear polyketides with prostate cancer cytotoxic activity from the mangrove sediment-derived fungus Talaromyces sp. SCSIO 41027

Seven new linear polyketides, talaketides A−G (1−7), were isolated from the rice media cultures of the mangrove sediment-derived fungus Talaromyces sp. SCSIO 41027. Among them, talaketides A−E (1−5) were unprecedented unsaturated linear polyketides with an epoxy ring structure. The structures including absolute configurations of these compounds were determined by detailed analyses of NMR and HRMS data, as well as ECD calculations. In the cytotoxicity screening against prostate cancer cell lines, talaketide E (5) exhibited a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on prostate cancer PC-3 cell lines, with an IC₅₀ value of 14.44 μM. Furthermore, compound 5 significantly inhibited the cloning formation of PC-3 cell lines, and arrested the cell cycle in S-phase, ultimately leading to apoptosis. These findings suggested that compound 5 might may serve as a promising lead compound for the development of a potential treatment for prostate cancer.