Therapeutic Potential of Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. in Cardiovascular Diseases: A Review

The complex pathophysiological mechanisms associated with cardiovascular diseases pose significant challenges to developing efficacious drugs and the clinical treatment of these conditions. Research has demonstrated that numerous traditional Chinese medicines exhibit vasodilatory, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidative properties, which can alleviate symptoms and slow the progression of cardiovascular diseases. Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam., a traditional herbal remedy, predominantly contains flavonoids, phenolic acids, and essential oils, contributing to its action mechanism such as inhibiting apoptosis, reducing inflammation, combating oxidative stress, improving mitochondrial dysfunction, and promoting vasodilation, all of which are pertinent to the treatment of cardiovascular disorders. In this review, the pathological mechanism of cardiovascular disease was systematically described, and the specific mechanism of action and related signaling pathways of Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. on cardiovascular protection were further elucidated, and the clinical applications of Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. in cardiovascular diseases was innovatively summarized. The purpose of this work is to provide ideas for the rational development and application of this medicinal plant in cardiovascular therapy.